Vegetation indices are numerical values calculated from remote sensing data that reflect the health and density of vegetation in a particular area. These indices are commonly used in environmental monitoring, agriculture, forestry, and other fields to assess vegetation cover, biomass, and overall ecosystem health. Some commonly used vegetation indices include the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), and Green Leaf Index (GLI). These indices are calculated based on the relationship between the reflectance of vegetation in different spectral bands, such as red, near-infrared, and green light, and can provide valuable information about the condition and productivity of plant communities.